What is an annuity?

An annuity is fundamentally a financial product that provides a series of payments over a specified period. This can be particularly valuable for individuals seeking a steady income stream during retirement. Annuities are often structured to supply payments on a monthly, quarterly, or yearly basis, ensuring that the recipient has predictable income that can help cover living expenses.

The distinction lies in the features and purpose of annuities. Many types of annuities can be tailored to the needs of the individual, including fixed and variable options, which can offer different levels of security and growth potential. This characteristic of providing a consistent payment stream is why option A is the correct answer.

The other options describe financial concepts that do not align with the definition of an annuity. A one-time payment made at retirement does not encompass the systematic payment nature of annuities, while a loan for purchasing real estate pertains to financing rather than income provision. Furthermore, the notion that annuities are only available for high-income earners is incorrect, as they are accessible to a broad range of consumers seeking financial security through structured payments.